Ch. 2 Political History
1. Early Revolutionary years
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urban revolution (classic Marx)
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united front with Nationalist Party
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Shanghai purge 1927
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shift to Mao's rural (Hunan) strategy in Jiangxi
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long march to Yenan, 1934-35 -- established CCP leadership group under
Mao Zedong
2. Expansion and Victory
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Xian Incident 1937, Second United Front
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Japanese Invasion
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CCP guerilla war, class struggle converted to nationalism
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Revolutionary base areas gave experience in local administration
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Chinese People "stood up"
3. CCP in Power
note: link to outline of Marxism-Leninism
Stalinist
Model
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Agricultural policy: land reform, collectivization
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Industrial policy: First 5 year plan, 1951-57
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Soviet model, planned economy
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Politics: communist party dictatorship, Mao Zedong as dominate leader
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suppression of counterrevolutionaries, 3 anti, 5 anti campaigns
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Foreign Policy: "lean to one side", ally with USSR
Mao's ideas for Chinese style socialist development-
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100 flowers, anti rightist campaign - 1956-57
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Great Leap Forward, 1958, backyard furnaces, super-intense farming, mass
irrigation campaign
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communes (3 level ownership: commune, brigade, team)
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3 bad years (1959, 60, 61) famine (mabe bigest ever: at least 30 million
died)
Cultural Revolution 1966-76
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power struggle (group around Mao esp. his wife Jiang Qing vs. old party
military and government leaders)
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generational politics, younger leaders, how to integrate post-revoutionary
generation
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armed battles, personal violence
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youth sent to countryside
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expanded role of military in politics, Lin Biao
4. End of Mao period
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1976 Qingming demonstrations (after death of Zhou Enlai, Spring 1976)
(1)
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1976 (Sept. Death of Mao)
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Gang of 4 bid for power, collapse as older party leaders asserted
power
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Hua Guofeng, chosen by Mao, was next leader
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was not able to consolidate power, dispaced around 1980
Note the Internationale Song
"The Internationale" is/was the song of the international socialist
movement,
originally French, it was translated and sung around the world in various
languages.
In China, it was the standard song to commence any public event, much
as the Star Spangled Banner commences baseball games in the U.S..
During the Tiananmen Square demonstations in 1989, Chinese students sang
the song, as a way to express their adherence to socialist values, even
while protesting the corruption and dictatorship.
Comments from friends in China, 2007:
1. Dear Ben, The Internationale Song is almost forgotten. I have not
heard it in China for years. I heard it last year during a city tour in
Lille, France. One of the authors was from Lille. I like that song.
Li
wiki includes
many languages with translations
http://www.hymn.ru/internationale/index-en.html
Internationale in many languages
website
with words and music download
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